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Cortana Alexa Integration. Adobe Apps Deal. User agents must implement the processing model of the dns-prefetch keyword described in Resource Hints. There is no default type for resources given by the dns-prefetch keyword. The external keyword may be used with a , area , and form elements.
This keyword does not create a hyperlink , but annotates any other hyperlinks created by the element the implied hyperlink, if no other keywords create one.
The external keyword indicates that the link is leading to a document that is not part of the site that the current document forms a part of.
The help keyword may be used with link , a , area , and form elements. For a , area , and form elements, the help keyword indicates that the referenced document provides further help information for the parent of the element defining the hyperlink, and its children.
In the following example, the form control has associated context-sensitive help. The user agent could use this information, for example, displaying the referenced document if the user presses the "Help" or "F1" key. For link elements, the help keyword indicates that the referenced document provides help for the page as a whole. For a and area elements, on some browsers, the help keyword causes the link to use a different cursor.
The specified resource is an icon representing the page or site, and should be used by the user agent when representing the page in the user interface. Icons could be auditory icons, visual icons, or other kinds of icons. If multiple icons are provided, the user agent must select the most appropriate icon according to the type , media , and sizes attributes. If there are multiple equally appropriate icons, user agents must use the last one declared in tree order at the time that the user agent collected the list of icons.
If the user agent tries to use an icon but that icon is determined, upon closer examination, to in fact be inappropriate e. User agents are not required to update icons when the list of icons changes, but are encouraged to do so. There is no default type for resources given by the icon keyword.
However, for the purposes of determining the type of the resource , user agents must expect the resource to be an image. The sizes keywords represent icon sizes in raw pixels as opposed to CSS pixels.
An icon that is 50 CSS pixels wide intended for displays with a device pixel density of two device pixels per CSS pixel 2x, dpi would have a width of raw pixels. This feature does not support indicating that a different resource is to be used for small high-resolution icons vs large low-resolution icons e.
To parse and process the attribute's value, the user agent must first split the attribute's value on ASCII whitespace , and must then parse each resulting keyword to determine what it represents. The any keyword represents that the resource contains a scalable icon, e.
Return for that keyword. Let width string be the string before the " x " or " X ". Let height string be the string after the " x " or " X ". Apply the rules for parsing non-negative integers to width string to obtain width. Apply the rules for parsing non-negative integers to height string to obtain height. The keyword represents that the resource contains a bitmap icon with a width of width device pixels and a height of height device pixels.
The keywords specified on the sizes attribute must not represent icon sizes that are not actually available in the linked resource. The linked resource fetch setup steps for this type of linked resource, given a link element el and request request , are:. Set request 's destination to " image ".
Let response be the result of fetching request. Use response 's unsafe response as an icon as if it had been declared using the icon keyword. The following snippet shows the top part of an application with several icons. For historical reasons, the icon keyword may be preceded by the keyword " shortcut ".
The license keyword may be used with link , a , area , and form elements. The license keyword indicates that the referenced document provides the copyright license terms under which the main content of the current document is provided. This specification does not specify how to distinguish between the main content of a document and content that is not deemed to be part of that main content.
The distinction should be made clear to the user. Consider a photo sharing site. A page on that site might describe and show a photograph, and the page might be marked up as follows:. In this case the license applies to just the photo the main content of the document , not the whole document. In particular not the design of the page itself, which is covered by the copyright given at the bottom of the document. This could be made clearer in the styling e. Synonyms : For historical reasons, user agents must also treat the keyword " copyright " like the license keyword.
Firefox Android? Safari iOS? The manifest keyword may be used with link elements. The manifest keyword indicates the manifest file that provides metadata associated with the current document. There is no default type for resources given by the manifest keyword. When a web application is not installed , the appropriate time to fetch and process the linked resource for this link type is when the user agent deems it necessary.
For example, when the user chooses to install the web application. For an installed web application , the appropriate times to fetch and process the linked resource for this link type are:. When the external resource link is created on a link element that is already browsing-context connected. When the external resource link 's link element becomes browsing-context connected. When the href attribute of the link element of an external resource link that is already browsing-context connected is changed.
In either cases, only the first link element in tree order whose rel attribute contains the token manifest may be used. A user agent must not delay the load event for this link type. Let context be el 's node document 's browsing context. If context is null, then return false.
If context is not a top-level browsing context , then return false. Set request 's initiator to " manifest ". Set request 's destination to " manifest ". Set request 's mode to " cors ". Set request 's credentials mode to the CORS settings attribute credentials mode for el 's crossorigin content attribute. To process this type of linked resource given a link element el , boolean success , and response response :.
If success is true, then process the manifest given el and response. The modulepreload keyword is a specialized alternative to the preload keyword, with a processing model geared toward preloading module scripts. In particular, it uses the specific fetch behavior for module scripts including, e. In contrast, a similar external resource link using the preload keyword would place the result in the preload cache, without affecting the document's module map. Additionally, implementations can take advantage of the fact that module scripts declare their dependencies in order to fetch the specified module's dependency as well.
This is intended as an optimization opportunity, since the user agent knows that, in all likelihood, those dependencies will also be needed later. It will not generally be observable without using technology such as service workers, or monitoring on the server side.
Notably, the appropriate load or error events will occur after the specified module is fetched, and will not wait for any dependencies. The appropriate times to fetch and process the linked resource for such a link are:. Unlike some other link relations, changing the relevant attributes such as as , crossorigin , and referrerpolicy of such a link does not trigger a new fetch.
This is because the document's module map has already been populated by a previous fetch, and so re-fetching would be pointless. The fetch and process the linked resource algorithm for modulepreload links, given a link element el , is as follows:.
If el 's href attribute's value is the empty string, then return. Let destination be the current state of the as attribute a destination , or " script " if it is in no state. If destination is not script-like , then queue an element task on the networking task source given the link element to fire an event named error at the link element, and return.
Parse a URL given el 's href attribute, relative to the element's node document. If that fails, then return. Otherwise, let url be the resulting URL record. Let settings object be the link element's node document 's relevant settings object. Let credentials mode be the CORS settings attribute credentials mode for the crossorigin attribute. Let cryptographic nonce be the current value of the element's [[CryptographicNonce]] internal slot. Let integrity metadata be the value of the integrity attribute, if it is specified, or the empty string otherwise.
Let referrer policy be the current state of the element's referrerpolicy attribute. Let options be a script fetch options whose cryptographic nonce is cryptographic nonce , integrity metadata is integrity metadata , parser metadata is " not-parser-inserted ", credentials mode is credentials mode , and referrer policy is referrer policy.
Fetch a modulepreload module script graph given url , destination , settings object , and options. Wait until the algorithm asynchronously completes with result. If result is null, then fire an event named error at the link element, and return. Fire an event named load at the link element. The following snippet shows the top part of an application with several modules preloaded:.
Here we see the application developer has used modulepreload to declare all of the modules in their module graph, ensuring that the user agent initiates fetches for them all. Without such preloading, the user agent might need to go through multiple network roundtrips before discovering helpers.
In this way, modulepreload link elements can be used as a sort of "manifest" of the application's modules. The following code shows how modulepreload links can be used in conjunction with import to ensure network fetching is done ahead of time, so that when import is called, the module is already ready but not evaluated in the module map :. The nofollow keyword may be used with a , area , and form elements.
The nofollow keyword indicates that the link is not endorsed by the original author or publisher of the page, or that the link to the referenced document was included primarily because of a commercial relationship between people affiliated with the two pages. The keyword indicates that any newly created top-level browsing context which results from following the hyperlink will not be an auxiliary browsing context.
See also the processing model where the branching between an auxiliary browsing context and a top-level browsing context is defined. This typically creates an auxiliary browsing context assuming there is no existing browsing context whose browsing context name is " example " :. This creates a top-level browsing context that is not an auxiliary browsing context assuming the same thing :.
These are equivalent and only navigate the parent browsing context :. It indicates that no referrer information is to be leaked when following the link and also implies the noopener keyword behavior under the same conditions. See also the processing model where referrer is directly manipulated.
The opener keyword may be used with a , area , and form elements. The keyword indicates that any newly created top-level browsing context which results from following the hyperlink will be an auxiliary browsing context.
In the following example the opener is used to allow the help page popup to navigate its opener, e. The pingback keyword may be used with link elements.
For the semantics of the pingback keyword, see Pingback 1. The preconnect keyword indicates that preemptively initiating a connection to the origin of the specified resource is likely to be beneficial, as it is highly likely that the user will require resources located at that origin , and the user experience would be improved by preempting the latency costs associated with establishing the connection. User agents must implement the processing model of the preconnect keyword described in Resource Hints.
There is no default type for resources given by the preconnect keyword. The prefetch keyword indicates that preemptively fetching and caching the specified resource is likely to be beneficial, as it is highly likely that the user will require this resource for future navigations. User agents must implement the processing model of the prefetch keyword described in Resource Hints. There is no default type for resources given by the prefetch keyword.
This ensures they are available earlier and are less likely to block the page's render, improving performance. The preload keyword may be used with link elements. The preload keyword indicates that the user agent must preemptively fetch and cache the specified resource according to the potential destination given by the as attribute and the priority associated with the corresponding destination , as it is highly likely that the user will require this resource for the current navigation.
User agents must implement the processing model of the preload keyword described in Preload , as well as in this specification's fetch and process the linked resource algorithm. There is no default type for resources given by the preload keyword. Let as be the current state of el 's as attribute. If as does not represent a state, return false. Set request 's destination to the result of translating as.
If as is " image ", then:. Let selected source and selected pixel density be the URL and pixel density that results from selecting an image source given el , respectively. If selected source is null, then return false. Parse selected source , relative to el 's node document.
If that fails, then return false. Set request 's URL to url. The prerender keyword indicates that the specified resource might be required by the next navigation, and so it may be beneficial to not only preemptively fetch the resource, but also to process it, e. User agents must implement the processing model of the prerender keyword described in Resource Hints. There is no default type for resources given by the prerender keyword.
The search keyword may be used with link , a , area , and form elements. The search keyword indicates that the referenced document provides an interface specifically for searching the document and its related resources. OpenSearch description documents can be used with link elements and the search link type to enable user agents to autodiscover search interfaces. The stylesheet keyword may be used with link elements. This keyword creates an external resource link that contributes to the styling processing model.
The specified resource is a CSS style sheet that describes how to present the document. If the alternate keyword is also specified on the link element, then the link is an alternative style sheet ; in this case, the title attribute must be specified on the link element, with a non-empty value. The appropriate times to fetch and process this type of link are: When the external resource link is created on a link element that is already browsing-context connected.
When the disabled attribute of the link element of an external resource link that is already browsing-context connected is set, changed, or removed. When the crossorigin attribute of the link element of an external resource link that is already browsing-context connected is set, changed, or removed.
When the type attribute of the link element of an external resource link that is already browsing-context connected is set or changed to a value that does not or no longer matches the Content-Type metadata of the previous obtained external resource, if any. When the type attribute of the link element of an external resource link that is already browsing-context connected , but was previously not obtained due to the type attribute specifying an unsupported type, is set, removed, or changed.
When the external resource link that is already browsing-context connected changes from being an alternative style sheet to not being one, or vice versa. The linked resource fetch setup steps for this type of linked resource, given a link element el ignoring the request are:. If el 's disabled attribute is set, then return false.
If el contributes a script-blocking style sheet , increment el 's node document 's script-blocking style sheet counter by 1. To process this type of linked resource given a link element el , boolean success , and response response , the user agent must run these steps:. If el no longer creates an external resource link that contributes to the styling processing model, or if, since the resource in question was fetched , it has become appropriate to fetch it again, then return.
If success is true, then:. Create a CSS style sheet with the following properties:. This is a reference to the possibly absent at this time attribute, rather than a copy of the attribute's current value. CSSOM defines what happens when the attribute is dynamically set, changed, or removed.
The title attribute of element , if element is in a document tree , or the empty string otherwise. This is similarly a reference to the attribute, rather than a copy of the attribute's current value. Set if the link is an alternative style sheet and element 's explicitly enabled is false; unset otherwise. CSS rules Left uninitialized. This doesn't seem right. Presumably we should be using the response body? Tracked as issue If the element has a charset attribute, get an encoding from that attribute's value.
If that succeeds, return the resulting encoding. Otherwise, fire an event named error at el. If el contributes a script-blocking style sheet , then:. Assert: el 's node document 's script-blocking style sheet counter is greater than 0.
Decrement el 's node document 's script-blocking style sheet counter by 1. The tag keyword indicates that the tag that the referenced document represents applies to the current document. Since it indicates that the tag applies to the current document , it would be inappropriate to use this keyword in the markup of a tag cloud , which lists the popular tags across a set of pages.
In this document, there are two articles. The " tag " link, however, applies to the whole page and would do so wherever it was placed, including if it was within the article elements. A sequence of documents is one where each document can have a previous sibling and a next sibling.
A document with no previous sibling is the start of its sequence, a document with no next sibling is the end of its sequence. The next keyword may be used with link , a , area , and form elements. The next keyword indicates that the document is part of a sequence, and that the link is leading to the document that is the next logical document in the sequence. When the next keyword is used with a link element, user agents should implement one of the processing models described in Resource Hints , i.
Which resource hint the user agent wishes to use is implementation-dependent; for example, a user agent may wish to use the less-costly preconnect hint when trying to conserve data, battery power, or processing power, or may wish to pick a resource hint depending on heuristic analysis of past user behavior in similar scenarios.
The prev keyword may be used with link , a , area , and form elements. The prev keyword indicates that the document is part of a sequence, and that the link is leading to the document that is the previous logical document in the sequence. Synonyms : For historical reasons, user agents must also treat the keyword " previous " like the prev keyword.
Extensions to the predefined set of link types may be registered on the microformats page for existing rel values. Anyone is free to edit the microformats page for existing rel values at any time to add a type. Extension types must be specified with the following information:. The actual value being defined. The value should not be confusingly similar to any other defined value e.
A short non-normative description of what the keyword's meaning is. Specification A link to a more detailed description of the keyword's semantics and requirements.
It could be another page on the wiki, or a link to an external page. Synonyms A list of other keyword values that have exactly the same processing requirements. Authors should not use the values defined to be synonyms, they are only intended to allow user agents to support legacy content. Anyone may remove synonyms that are not used in practice; only names that need to be processed as synonyms for compatibility with legacy content are to be registered in this way.
Status One of the following:. If a keyword is found to be redundant with existing values, it should be removed and listed as a synonym for the existing value. If a keyword is registered in the "proposed" state for a period of a month or more without being used or specified, then it may be removed from the registry. If a keyword is added with the "proposed" status and found to be redundant with existing values, it should be removed and listed as a synonym for the existing value.
If a keyword is added with the "proposed" status and found to be harmful, then it should be changed to "discontinued" status. Anyone can change the status at any time, but should only do so in accordance with the definitions above.
Conformance checkers must use the information given on the microformats page for existing rel values to establish if a value is allowed or not: values defined in this specification or marked as "proposed" or "ratified" must be accepted when used on the elements for which they apply as described in the "Effect on Conformance checkers may cache this information e.
When an author uses a new type not defined by either this specification or the wiki page, conformance checkers should offer to add the value to the wiki, with the details described above, with the "proposed" status.
Types defined as extensions in the microformats page for existing rel values with the status "proposed" or "ratified" may be used with the rel attribute on link , a , and area elements in accordance to the "Effect on The ins and del elements represent edits to the document.
HTML element represents a range of text that has been added to a document. You can use the element to similarly represent a range of text that has been deleted from the document. Content model : Transparent. Content attributes : Global attributes cite — Link to the source of the quotation or more information about the edit datetime — Date and optionally time of the change Accessibility considerations : For authors.
The ins element represents an addition to the document. As does the following, because everything in the aside element here counts as phrasing content and therefore there is just one paragraph :. The following example represents the addition of two paragraphs, the second of which was inserted in two parts. The first ins element in this example thus crosses a paragraph boundary, which is considered poor form.
Here is a better way of marking this up. It uses more elements, but none of the elements cross implied paragraph boundaries. HTML element represents a range of text that has been deleted from a document. This can be used when rendering "track changes" or source code diff information, for example. The element can be used for the opposite purpose: to indicate text that has been added to the document.
The del element represents a removal from the document. The following shows a "to do" list where items that have been done are crossed-off with the date and time of their completion.
The cite attribute may be used to specify the URL of a document that explains the change. When that document is long, for instance the minutes of a meeting, authors are encouraged to include a fragment pointing to the specific part of that document that discusses the change.
If the cite attribute is present, it must be a valid URL potentially surrounded by spaces that explains the change. The datetime attribute may be used to specify the time and date of the change. If present, the datetime attribute's value must be a valid date string with optional time. User agents must parse the datetime attribute according to the parse a date or time string algorithm.
If that doesn't return a date or a global date and time , then the modification has no associated timestamp the value is non-conforming; it is not a valid date string with optional time. Otherwise, the modification is marked as having been made at the given date or global date and time. If the given value is a global date and time then user agents should use the associated time-zone offset information to determine which time zone to present the given datetime in.
The load event on the iframe happens when the HTML document loads. There are several downsides with this approach: The server has to maintain storage for the content being downloaded.
Requires a cron job or similar to regularly clean up the directory. The server has to dump out special HTML content when the file is ready. The client has to guess as to when the iframe has actually made the second request to the server and when the download has actually started before removing the iframe from the DOM. This could be overcome by just leaving the iframe in the DOM. The iframe triggers the download request. As soon as the request is made via the iframe, an identical request via XHR is made.
If the load event on the iframe fires, an error has occurred, abort the XHR request, and remove the iframe. If a XHR progress event fires, then downloading has probably started in the iframe, abort the XHR request, wait a few seconds, and then remove the iframe.
This allows for larger files to be downloaded without relying on a server-side cookie. There are several downsides with this approach: There are two separate requests made for the same information.
The server can distinguish the XHR from the iframe by checking the incoming headers. If the server waits to send headers until the file data is ready, the XHR can roughly detect when the iframe has started to download even without CORS. The client has to guess as to when the download has actually started to remove the iframe from the DOM. Can't send custom headers on the iframe. CubicleSoft CubicleSoft 1, 15 15 silver badges 18 18 bronze badges.
Elmer Elmer 8, 1 1 gold badge 44 44 silver badges 35 35 bronze badges. Still has the issue of switching window and returning which will cause the modal to hide. JQuery is supported but not required. Community Bot 1 1 1 silver badge. Jorge Paulo Jorge Paulo 3 3 silver badges 4 4 bronze badges. Art Geigel Art Geigel 1, 3 3 gold badges 19 19 silver badges 23 23 bronze badges. MB33 MB33 71 1 1 silver badge 1 1 bronze badge. It's works perfectly. Thanks for this beatiful sample. I'm very late to the party but I'll put this up here if anyone else would like to know my solution: I had a real struggle with this exact problem but I found a viable solution using iframes I know, I know.
It's terrible but it works for a simple problem that I had I had an html page that launched a separate php script that generated the file and then downloaded it. Walker Boh Walker Boh 6 6 silver badges 13 13 bronze badges. If the file is ready, do the download. If the file is not ready, show the progress.
That sounds like the temporary-file approach I mentioned above. I might do something like this if it turns out my idea is impossible, but I was hoping to avoid it. Vladimir Salguero 4, 2 2 gold badges 37 37 silver badges 42 42 bronze badges.
Manuel Larrota Manuel Larrota 2 2 silver badges 5 5 bronze badges. Works but basically transforms data to Base64 on the memory before reconverting to binary and downloading. Not recommended for large files — Erdal G. How can I set the final downloaded filename to the filename which is fetched from url? In my experience, there are two ways to handle this: Set a short-lived cookie on the download, and have JavaScript continually check for its existence.
Only real issue is getting the cookie lifetime right - too short and the JS can miss it, too long and it might cancel the download screens for other downloads. Using JS to remove the cookie upon discovery usually fixes this. Not only do you know exactly when the file download finishes, if you use XHR you can use progress events to show a progress bar! The problem with this method is that iOS Safari doesn't seem to handle downloading blobs right - you can convert the blob into a data URL with a FileReader and open that in a new window, but that's opening the file, not saving it.
Sora Sora 6 6 silver badges 19 19 bronze badges. I should clarify -- I"m not too concerned with when the download completes.
If I can just identify when the download starts, that would be enough. So here is what I do: Target the hidden iFrame as usual. Generate the content. Cache it with an absolute timeout in 2 minutes. Send a javascript redirect back to the calling client, essentially calling the generator page a second time. Remove the content from the cache and send it to the client. Here is what the codebehind looks like, which is all you really need. QueryString[ "data" ]! Write "Javascript to tell user there was a problem.
AppendHeader "Pragma", "no-cache" ; Response. AppendHeader "content-size", data. ToString ; Response. I am loading a file just for an example using System. Open using System. Length ]; reader. Read data, 0, data. Insert reportKey, data, null, DateTime. Apparently, they route the initial request through Internet Explorer regardless of your default browser. You can work around this by hyperlinking to a. Open a text editor and create the following.
If this isn't your style Microsoft has a documented solution :. To work around this issue, either add the ForceShellExecute subkey, if it is not present, and set the Value data, or if it is present, set the Valuedata of the ForceShellExecute subkey.
Annoyingly, the error was only displayed when calling the command from the direct window, it wouldn't show up from a sub. As Sandra Rossi pointed out, Microsoft proposes a registry change to work around.
Highly impractical for me. What worked for me was instead using. One could also call chrome or any other browser but edge is the easiest call when the same document is used on different machines. See here. Sign up to join this community. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top.
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